The spine, like any structure that performs a support function, inevitably wears out over time. High static and dynamic loads and local overloads of the segments of the particularly mobile upper section lead to a decrease in regenerative capacity and to a gradual degeneration of the nearby cartilage and musculo-ligament structures. By the age of 30-35, almost every person shows signs of cervical osteochondrosis to a greater or lesser extent. And although it is impossible to stop the irreversible process of biological aging, it is quite possible to slow it down.
Diagnostics
For an objective assessment of the condition and the detection of degenerative-dystrophic changes in the cervical spine, radiation imaging methods are used:
- normal spondylography (non-contrast radiographic study in frontal, lateral and oblique views)
- radiography with functional tests
- MSCT (Multilayer Computed Tomography)
- magnetic resonance
- Spondylography of the upper spine survey is a traditional method of radiological diagnosis of cervical osteochondrosis. With its help, the state of the vertebral bodies is evaluated, their shape, height, degree of deformation and displacement relative to each other are determined. In X-ray images, osteophytes are visualized, the areas of illumination in the foci of liquefaction of bone tissue.
- Spondylography with functional tests is a study aimed at identifying the signs of movement disorders. Radiography is performed with maximum flexion and fixed extension of the cervical spine.
- TCMS is a progressive alternative to X-rays. Bone structures, intervertebral discs, ligament apparatus, spinal canal, and spinal cord are viewed in greater detail on multilayer images.
- MRI allows for additional visualization of the cartilage layer and other soft tissues of the vertebral joints. The study is prescribed for severe neurological symptoms, to differentiate cervical osteochondrosis from acute intervertebral hernia.
Treatment of cervical osteochondrosis
Treatment of osteochondrosis of the cervical spine is aimed at eliminating pain and slowing the progression of the pathological process. It is carried out in two directions: to limit the impact of unfavorable factors and to suppress the mechanisms of development of the disease.
Therapeutic and prophylactic measures that minimize the impact of causative agents include:
- rational selection of work furniture
- use of orthopedic mattresses and pillows
- correction of hearing, vision and posture
- wearing special fasteners
- limitation of work activities associated with a long stay in a forced situation
- adequate physical activity
- appropriate nutrition
There are many different methods of therapeutic correction designed to slow down the development of the degenerative process.
Massage for cervical osteochondrosis
Massage procedures aimed at relieving inflammation and eliminating pain are included in the complex of mandatory therapeutic measures. The most effective types of collar massage:
- classic
- doctor (manual)
- point (acupuncture)
- empty (canned)
- hardware
Thanks to the massage techniques, local blood and lymphatic circulation is strengthened, tissue trophism is accelerated, muscle bands are eliminated, neck tension is relaxed, muscle tone and elasticity are improved.
Orthopedic collars
To fix the cervical spine in the correct position, special orthopedic devices (Shants collars) are used. Removable structures of various sizes, shapes and degrees of stiffness limit the usual pathological position of the head, control movement of the neck, reduce pressure on the spinal segments, warm and relax tense muscles, and prevent further progression of the disease.
The cervical collar for osteochondrosis is available in several variants:
Soft medical foam splintsor other porous hypoallergenic materials have a notch for the chin and lower neck surfaces and retainers. They are used to correct minor ailments in the upper spine, keep the vertebrae in the anatomically correct position, and relax the shoulder girdle muscles.
Pneumatic collars (inflatable)they are intended for the prevention of pain, regular traction and the elimination of compression of the vertebral artery.
Semi-rigid bandagesequipped with metal inserts reliably stabilize the intervertebral segments. They significantly limit the range of motion and contribute to the expansion of the spaces between the vertebral bodies.
Rigid corsets made of durable plasticdesigned to completely immobilize the cervical spine in a neutral position. Prescribed in the late stages of the disease, accompanied by compression disorders.
The collar for osteochondrosis of the cervical spine is selected by the doctor taking into account age, anatomical features and the stage of the degenerative process.
Manual therapy
Manual therapy aims to identify and eliminate blockages in the motor segments. A local dosed effect on the vertebral joints helps normalize blood flow and blood supply to the brain, eliminate compression (pinching) and restore normal functioning of nerve fibers. Specific manipulations by the chiropractor allow to obtain maximum relaxation, eliminate muscle spasms, cervicogenic headache resulting from damage to the anatomical structures of the neck and tension headache.
Acupuncture
Acupuncture, which involves the installation of acupuncture needles in the bioactive points of the neck and shoulder blades, is focused on restoring the disturbed energy balance. By stimulating the rapid contractions of sensitive nerve fibers and the release of endorphins and neurotransmitters, acupuncture for cervical osteochondrosis has a powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. Thanks to this technique, numbness of the hands, dizziness, tinnitus, improves blood flow and optimizes mobility.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy of degenerative pathologies of the spine aims to relieve pain and stimulate recovery processes. The greatest therapeutic effect is provided by:
- UFO
- ultrasound treatment
FAQ
How to provide assistance during acute pain with osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine?
In case of sudden acute pain, it is necessary to repair the lower back. This will immobilize the spasmodic muscles and shift the load from them. Then, if possible, lay the patient on their back, placing a pillow under the bent knees. To reduce pain, you should take a drug with analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect (NSAID). Also, you can use an ointment or gel based on diclofenac or its analogues or apply a cold compress (no more than 10 minutes). It is very important to eliminate the stress on the spine and see a doctor as soon as possible.
Is it possible to do physical exercises for lumbar osteochondrosis?
Physical education for lumbar osteochondrosis is not only not prohibited, but also recommended (with the exception of a period of acute pain). However, you should be careful not to allow axial load on the spine and categorically refuse to squat, jump and lift weights. The set of exercises should be selected by a specialist on an individual basis.